Kutheni i-5G idinga i-Network Slicing, indlela yokuphumeza i-5G Network Slicing?

I-5G kunye neNethiwekhi Slicing
Xa i-5G ikhankanywe ngokubanzi, i-Network Slicing iyona teknoloji exoxwa ngayo phakathi kwabo. Abaqhubi benethiwekhi abanje nge-KT, SK Telecom, China Mobile, DT, KDDI, NTT, kunye nabathengisi bezixhobo ezifana no-Ericsson, Nokia, kunye neHuawei bonke bakholelwa ukuba i-Network Slicing yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi kwixesha le-5G.
Le teknoloji entsha ivumela abaqhubi ukuba bahlule uthungelwano oluninzi lwe-virtual ekupheleni-to-ekupheleni kwisiseko se-hardware, kwaye iSilayidi seNethiwekhi ngasinye sihlukaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwisixhobo, inethiwekhi yokufikelela, inethiwekhi yezothutho kunye nenethiwekhi engundoqo ukuhlangabezana neempawu ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkonzo.
KwiSiqwenga ngasinye seNethiwekhi, izibonelelo ezinikezelweyo ezifana neeseva ezibonakalayo, i-bandwidth yenethiwekhi, kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo ziqinisekisiwe ngokupheleleyo. Ekubeni iziqwenga zihlukanisiwe komnye nomnye, iimpazamo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwisiqwenga esinye aziyi kuchaphazela unxibelelwano lwezinye izilayi.

Kutheni i-5G ifuna i-Network Slicing?
Ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuya kuthungelwano lwangoku lwe-4G, iinethiwekhi eziphathwayo zisebenza ikakhulu iiselfowuni eziphathwayo, kwaye ngokubanzi zenza ulungiselelo oluthile lweeselfowuni. Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha le-5G, iinethiwekhi zeselula kufuneka zisebenze izixhobo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno. Uninzi lweemeko zesicelo ezikhankanyiweyo ziquka i-broadband yeselula, i-iot enkulu, kunye ne-iot ebaluleke kakhulu. Bonke badinga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zothungelwano kwaye baneemfuno ezahlukeneyo ekuhambeni, ukubalwa kwemali, ukhuseleko, ulawulo lomgaqo-nkqubo, i-latency, ukuthembeka kunye nokunye.
Umzekelo, inkonzo enkulu ye-iot idibanisa abenzi boluvo abasisigxina ukulinganisa ubushushu, ukufuma, imvula, njl. Akukho mfuneko yokunikezelwa, ukuhlaziywa kwendawo, kunye nezinye iimpawu zeefowuni ezisetyenziswayo eziphambili kwinethiwekhi yeselula. Ukongeza, iinkonzo ze-iot ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinjengokuqhuba ukuzimela kunye nolawulo olukude lweerobhothi zifuna i-latency yokuphela ukuya ekupheleni kwee-milliseconds ezininzi, eyahluke kakhulu kwiinkonzo ze-broadband eziphathwayo.

Iimeko ezingundoqo zeSicelo se-5G
Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba sifuna uthungelwano oluzinikeleyo kwinkonzo nganye? Umzekelo, omnye usebenzela iiselfowuni ze-5G, omnye usebenzela i-iot enkulu ye-5G, kwaye omnye usebenzela i-5G ye-mission ebalulekileyo iot. Akuyomfuneko ukuba senze njalo, kuba sinokusebenzisa ukucandwa kwenethiwekhi ukwahlula uthungelwano olunengqiqo ezininzi kuthungelwano olubonakalayo olwahlukileyo, oluyindlela eneendleko eziphezulu!

IiMfuno zeSicelo sokuCandwa kweNethiwekhi
Isilayi senethiwekhi ye-5G echazwe kwiphepha elimhlophe le-5G elikhutshwe yi-NGMN liboniswe ngezantsi:

Siphumeza njani isiphelo seNethiwekhi Slicing?
(1) I-5G inethiwekhi yokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo kunye nenethiwekhi engundoqo: i-NFV
Kwinethiwekhi yeselula yanamhlanje, isixhobo esiphambili yifowuni ephathwayo. I-RAN (DU kunye ne-RU) kunye nemisebenzi engundoqo yakhiwe kwizixhobo zenethiwekhi ezinikezelweyo ezinikezelwa ngabathengisi be-RAN. Ukuphumeza i-network slicing, i-Network Function Virtualization (NFV) iyimfuneko. Ngokusisiseko, uluvo oluphambili lwe-NFV kukusasaza isoftware yomsebenzi womnatha (okt MME, S/P-GW kunye nePCRF kumbindi wepakethe kunye neDU kwiRAN) zonke koomatshini benyani kwiiseva zorhwebo endaweni yokwahlukileyo ekuzinikeleni kwabo. izixhobo zenethiwekhi. Ngale ndlela, i-RAN iphathwa njengelifu elisekupheleni, ngelixa umsebenzi ophambili uphathwa njengelifu eliphambili. Uqhagamshelo phakathi kweVMS ebekwe emphethweni nakwilifu elingundoqo liqwalaselwe kusetyenziswa i-SDN. Ke, isilayi senzelwe inkonzo nganye (okt isilayi sefowuni, isilayi se-iot esikhulu, isilayi se-iot esibalulekileyo, njl.njl.).

 

Uyiphumeza njani enye yeNethiwekhi Slicing(I)?
Lo mzobo ungezantsi ubonisa indlela usetyenziso olungqale kwinkonzo nganye lunokwenziwa ngayo kwaye lufakwe kwisilayi ngasinye. Umzekelo, ukusika kunokumiselwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
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(4) Ukunqunyulwa kwe-iot okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuqiniswa kwee-cores ze-5G (UP) kunye neeseva ezihambelanayo (umzekelo, iiseva ze-V2X) kwi-edge cloud yokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-latency.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kufuneka senze izilayi ezinikezelweyo zeenkonzo ezineemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye imisebenzi yenethiwekhi yenyani ibekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwisilayi ngasinye (oko kukuthi, ilifu elinomphetho okanye ilifu elingundoqo) ngokweempawu zenkonzo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, eminye imisebenzi yenethiwekhi, efana nokuhlawula, ulawulo lomgaqo-nkqubo, njl., kunokuba yimfuneko kwezinye izilayi, kodwa hayi kwezinye. Abasebenzisi banokwenza ngokwezifiso ukusika kwenethiwekhi ngendlela abafuna ngayo, kwaye mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ineendleko eziphezulu.

Uyiphumeza njani enye yeNethiwekhi Slicing(I)?
(2) I-Network slicing phakathi komphetho kunye nelifu eliphambili: IP/MPLS-SDN
Isoftware echazwe kuthungelwano, nangona ingqikelelo elula xa yaziswa okokuqala, iya isiba nzima ngakumbi. Ukuthatha ifom ye-Overlay njengomzekelo, iteknoloji ye-SDN inokubonelela uxhulumaniso lwenethiwekhi phakathi koomatshini benyani kwiziseko zonxibelelwano ezikhoyo.

Ukuphela kwe-Network Slicing
Okokuqala, sijonga indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba uxhulumaniso lwenethiwekhi phakathi kwelifu lomphetho kunye noomatshini benyani belifu elingundoqo likhuselekile. Uthungelwano phakathi koomatshini benyani kufuneka baphunyezwe ngokusekelwe kwi-IP/MPLS-SDN kunye ne-SDN yoThutho. Kweli phepha, sigxininisa kwi-IP / MPLS-SDN enikezelwa ngabathengisi be-router. I-Ericsson kunye neJuniper zombini zibonelela nge-IP/MPLS SDN yeemveliso zenethiwekhi yezakhiwo. Imisebenzi yahluke kancinane, kodwa uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-SDN-based VMS iyafana kakhulu.
Kwilifu elingundoqo kukho iiseva ezibonwayo. Kwihypervisor yomncedisi, sebenzisa eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi vRouter/vSwitch. Umlawuli we-SDN ubonelela ngokucwangciswa kwetonela phakathi kweseva ebonakalayo kunye ne-DC G/W router (i-PE router eyenza i-MPLS L3 VPN kwiziko ledatha yefu). Yenza iitonela ze-SDN (okt MPLS GRE okanye VXLAN) phakathi komatshini ngamnye wenyani (umz. 5G IoT core) kunye neerotha ze-DC G/W kwilifu elingundoqo.
Umlawuli we-SDN emva koko ulawula imephu phakathi kwala matonela kunye ne-MPLS L3 VPN, njenge-IoT VPN. Inkqubo iyafana kwilifu elisekupheleni, idala i-iot slice eqhagamshelwe ukusuka kwilifu elisekupheleni ukuya kwi-IP / MPLS umqolo kunye nayo yonke indlela eya kwilifu eliphambili. Le nkqubo inokuphunyezwa ngokusekwe kubuchwephesha kunye nemigangatho evuthiweyo nekhoyo ngoku.
(3) Ukunqunyulwa kwenethiwekhi phakathi komda kunye nelifu eliphambili: IP/MPLS-SDN
Okushiyekileyo ngoku luthungelwano lwe-fronthawall network. Siyinqumla njani le nethiwekhi ye-fronthold ye-mobile phakathi kwe-cloud edge kunye ne-5G RU? Okokuqala, inethiwekhi ye-5G yangaphambili kufuneka ichazwe kuqala. Kukho ezinye iinketho phantsi kwengxoxo (umzekelo, ukwazisa inethiwekhi entsha esekwe kwipakethe yangaphambili ngokuchaza kwakhona ukusebenza kwe-DU kunye ne-RU), kodwa akukho nkcazo esemgangathweni yenziwe okwangoku. Lo mzobo ulandelayo ngumzobo oboniswe kwiqela elisebenzayo le-ITU IMT 2020 kwaye unika umzekelo wothungelwano olubonakalayo lwe-fronhaul.

Umzekelo we-5G C-RAN Network Slicing nguMbutho we-ITU