1. Umxholo weMaski yeDatha
Imaski yedatha ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-masking yedatha. Yindlela yezobuchwepheshe yokuguqula, iguqule okanye igubungele idatha ebuthathaka njengenombolo yefowuni, inombolo yekhadi lebhanki kunye nolunye ulwazi xa sinike imithetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo. Obu buchule busetyenziselwa ukuthintela idatha ebuthathaka ukuba ingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo engathembekanga.
UmGaqo weMaki we-Manking: Imaski yedatha kufuneka igcine iimpawu zedatha yentsusa, imigaqo yeshishini, kunye nokuhambelana kwedatha yokuqinisekisa ukuba uhlaziyo olulandelayo, uvavanyo, kwaye uhlalutyo lwedatha aluyi kuchaphazeleka. Ukuqinisekiswa kokungqinelana kwedatha kunye nokusebenza ngaphambili nasemva kokuba imaski.
I-2. Ukuhlelwa kweMaski yeDatha
Imaski yedatha inokwahlulwa ibe yimaski yedatha ye-stemic (i-SDM) kunye ne-Maskic yeDatha yeDatha (i-DDM).
I-Static data ye-Mating (i-SDM): Imaski yedatha ye-ticic ifuna ukusekwa kwedatha entsha yokuvelisa imeko yokuvelisa indawo yodwa. Idatha ebuthathaka ikhutshelwe ngaphandle kwedatha kwaye igcinwe kwindawo engafakwanga. Ngale ndlela, idatha engaphandle ye-Desejista iyodwa kwindalo, ehlangabezana neemfuno zeshishini kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha yemveliso.
Imeski yeDatha yeDatha (i-DDM): Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimeko yemveliso yokuphatha idatha ebuthathaka ngexesha lokwenyani. Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo emaski ayacelwa ukuba afunde idatha efanayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iindima ezahlukeneyo kunye neemvume zinokumilisela izikimu ezahlukeneyo zenkcitho.
UkuXelwa kweNgxelo yeDatha kunye neMveliso yeDatha yokuSebenza
Iimeko ezinjalo ubukhulu becala zibandakanya iimveliso zangaphakathi zedatha okanye iBhilibhodi, iimveliso zedatha yangaphandle, kunye neengxelo ezisekwe kuhlalutyo lwedatha, ezinje ngeengxelo zeshishini kunye nophononongo lweprojekthi.
I-3. Isisombululo seMaski seDatha
Izikimu zeMedi eziqhelekileyo zedatha zibandakanya: Ukungasebenzi, ixabiso elingahleliwe, ukutshintshwa kwedatha, i-symmetric encryption, ixabiso eliphakathi, ukucima, njl njl.
Ukungasebenzi: Ukungasebenzi kubhekisa kwi-Encryption, i-Trundation, okanye ukufihla idatha ebuthathaka. Esi sikimu sihlala sithatha indawo yedatha yokwenyani ngeesimboli ezikhethekileyo (ezinje *). Umsebenzi ulula, kodwa abasebenzisi abanakuyazi ifomathi yedatha yentsusa, enokuchaphazela izicelo zedatha elandelayo.
Ixabiso elingahleliweIxabiso elingenamkhethe libhekisa ekutshintshwe ngaphandle kwedatha ebuthathaka (amanani endaweni yeenombolo, oonobumba babuyisele oonobumba, kunye nabalinganiswa bathathe amagama amagama). Le ndlela yemaski iya kuqinisekisa ifomathi yedatha ebuthathaka ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile kwaye liququzelele isicelo sedatha elandelayo. Izichazi-magama ezihambayo ziyafuneka ngamanye amagama anentsingiselo, njengamagama abantu kunye neendawo.
Ukutshintshwa kwedathaI-TATE STATE ifana nemaski ye-null kunye nexabiso elingaqhelekanga, ngaphandle koko endaweni yokusebenzisa oonobumba abakhethekileyo okanye amaxabiso angaqhelekanga, idatha yemaski ithathelwe indawo ngexabiso elithile.
Ulungelelwaniso lwe-Symmetric: Ulungelelwaniso lwe-Symmetric yindlela ekhethekileyo yemaski. Ifihla idatha enobuthathaka ngezitshixo ze-encryption kunye ne-algorithms. Ifomathi ye-CIPHEREXT ihambelana nedatha yoqobo kwimithetho efanelekileyo.
UmndililiIskimu esiphakathi sihlala sisetyenziswa kwiimeko zeenkcukacha-manani. Kwidatha yamanani, siqale ukubala intsingiselo yabo, kwaye emva koko sisasaze iinqobo ezisemgangathweni ezijikeleze intsingiselo, ngaloo ndlela sigcina inani ledatha rhoqo.
Ukucima nokujikeleza: Le ndlela itshintsha idatha yedijithali ngokutshintsha ngokungacwangciswanga. Ukujikeleza kwe-ofset kuqinisekisa ubunyani boluhlu ngelixa ugcina ukhuseleko lwedatha, esondeleyo kwidatha yangaphambili kunezikimu zangaphambili kuhlalutyo lwedatha enkulu.
Imodeli yokucebisa "Ml-npb-5660"Ukulungiselela imaski yedatha
4. Iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo zedatha
(1). Iindlela zeenkcukacha-manani
I-Sampling yeDatha kunye ne-Agegregaregaretion yeDatha
-Isampulu yedatha: Uhlalutyo kunye novavanyo lwedatha yoqobo esekwe ngokukhetha iseti emele idatha yeseti yedatha yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuphucula ukusebenza kweendlela zokuchonga.
-Umbangiso lwedatha: Njengokuqokelelwa kweendlela zendlela (ezinjengokungqinelana, ukubala, ubuninzi, ubuninzi be-microdata, isiphumo sibamele zonke iirekhodi zedatha yedatha.
(2). I-cryptography
I-Cryptography yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuthintela okanye ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesenzo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-algorithms evuthuzelayo zinokufezekisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa.
-Ukuguqulwa ngokuzimela: Ulungelelwaniso olungacwangciswanga. Ihlala isebenzisa idatha yesazisi kwaye inokugqiba kwaye ibuyisele i-cipthertettexttextex kwi-ID yokuqala xa kufuneka ikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo.
-Umsebenzi ongenakufitwa: Umsebenzi we-Hash setyenziselwa ukwenza idatha, edla ngokusetyenziswa kwidatha yesazisi. Ayinakugqitywa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ubudlelwane bemephu kufuneka bugcinwe. Ukongeza, ngenxa yenqaku lomsebenzi we-Hash, ukungqubana kwedatha kunokwenzeka.
-I-Homomorphic encryption: i-cificttettext almomorphic almomorphic isetyenzisiwe. Iimpawu zayo kukuba iziphumo zomsebenzi we-cipherterteexterterteext ziyafana nezomsebenzi ohlawulelwayo emva kotshintsho. Ke ngoko, iqhelekile isetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili amasimi amanani, kodwa isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi izizathu zomsebenzi.
(3). Itekhnoloji yeNkqubo
Itekhnoloji yokucinezelwa icima okanye ikhusele izinto zedatha ezingafezekisi ukhuseleko lwabucala, kodwa azipapasha.
- Imaski: Ibhekisa kwezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokuncedisa kwi-Mask Ixabiso lezinto ezimbi, njengenombolo yelinye iqela, ikhadi le-ID liphawulwe nge-asterisk, okanye idilesi incitshisiwe.
-Ukucinezelwa kwendawo: kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokucima ixabiso elithile lemifanekiso (iikholamu), isuse amasimi e-Ages engekhoyo;
-Irekhodi yokunikezelwa kwengxelo: ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokucima iirekhodi ezithile (imiqolo), ukucima iirekhodi ezingeyomfuneko.
(4). Itekhnoloji yePseundum
I-Pseududunning yendlela ye-De-Isazisi esebenzisa i-pseudonym ukuba ithathe indawo yesazisi ngqo (okanye esinye isazisi esibuthathaka). Iindlela zobuchule zePseundusm Yenza izichazi ezizodwa kwisifundo ngasinye solwazi, endaweni yesazisi ngqo okanye ezibuthathaka.
-Ukuvelisa amaxabiso acwangcisiweyo ngokuzimeleyo ukuze angqinelane ne-ID yoqobo, gcina itafile yemephu, kwaye ulawule ngokungqongqo ukufikelela kwitafile yemephu.
-Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-wirchption ukuvelisa i-punesundenym, kodwa kufuneka ugcine isitshixo sokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo;
Itekhnoloji isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimeko yenani elikhulu labasebenzisi bedatha abazimeleyo, njenge-Ontiid kwiPhepha lePlanethi eVusiweyo, apho abaphuhlisi abahlukeneyo befumana i-OpenIDs eyahlukileyo yomsebenzisi omnye.
(5). Iindlela zokulinganisa ngokubanzi
Indlela yokudityaniswa ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwindlela yokuchonga enokunciphisa ubume beempawu ezikhethiweyo kwiseti yedatha kwaye ibonelela ngenkcazo eqhelekileyo nengaqhelekanga yedatha. Itekhnoloji yokudityaniswa ngokubanzi ilula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inokukhusela ubunyani bedatha yerekhodi. Iqhelekile isetyenziswa kwiimveliso zedatha okanye iingxelo zedatha.
Ukujikeleza: kubandakanya ukukhetha isiseko sokujikeleza kwesiseko esikhethiweyo, njengokunyuka kwe-upight okanye ezantsi, i-100, i-5k, kunye ne-1K
Iindlela eziphezulu zekhowudi eziphezulu kunye nezantsi zokuhola ngaphezulu (okanye ngezantsi) umqobo onomgangatho omele umgangatho ophezulu (okanye ongezantsi, ukuvelisa isiphumo se-x "okanye" ngezantsi x "
(6). Iindlela zokungakhethi
Njengohlobo lwendlela yokuchonga, itekhnoloji yokugcwaliswa kwetekhnoloji ibhekisa ekuguquleni ixabiso lezinto zokungahambelani, ukuze ixabiso emva kokungahlelwa lihlukile kwixabiso lokwenyani. Le nkqubo inciphisa ubuchule bomhlaseli wokufumana ixabiso lokubonisa kwezinye iimpawu kwirekhodi efanayo yedatha, kodwa ichaphazela ubunyani bedatha yokuvelisa.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UPE-27-2022
