1. Ingcamango yokufihla idatha
Ukufihla idatha kukwaziwa ngokuba kukufihla idatha. Yindlela yobuchwepheshe yokuguqula, ukuguqula okanye ukugubungela idatha eyimfihlo efana nenombolo yefowuni ephathwayo, inombolo yekhadi lebhanki kunye nolunye ulwazi xa sinike imithetho nemigaqo-nkqubo yokufihla idatha. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthintela idatha eyimfihlo ukuba isetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezingathembekanga.
Umgaqo wokuGcina idatha: Ukugcina idatha kufuneka kugcine iimpawu zedatha zokuqala, imithetho yeshishini, kunye nokubaluleka kwedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphuhliso olulandelayo, uvavanyo, kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha aluyi kuchaphazeleka kugcina idatha. Qinisekisa ukuhambelana kwedatha kunye nokusebenza kwayo ngaphambi nasemva kogcina idatha.
2. Uhlu lweData Masking
Ukufihla idatha kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube yi-static data masking (SDM) kunye ne-dynamic data masking (DDM).
Ukufihla idatha engaguqukiyo (i-SDM): Ukufihla idatha engaguqukiyo kufuna ukusekwa kwedatha entsha yendawo engeyiyo imveliso yokuzahlula kwindawo yemveliso. Idatha ebucayi ikhutshwa kwidathabheyisi yemveliso ize igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina idatha engeyiyo imveliso. Ngale ndlela, idatha engasebenzi kakuhle yahlulwe kwindawo yemveliso, ehlangabezana neemfuno zeshishini kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha yemveliso.
Ukufihla idatha eguquguqukayo (i-DDM): Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindawo yokuvelisa ukuze idatha eyimfihlo ingasebenzi kakuhle ngexesha langempela. Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufihla ayimfuneko ukuze kufundwe idatha eyimfihlo efanayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iindima ezahlukeneyo kunye neemvume zinokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokufihla.
Ingxelo yedatha kunye nesicelo sokufihla iimveliso zedatha
Ezi meko ziquka ikakhulu iimveliso zokubeka esweni idatha yangaphakathi okanye ibhodi yentengiso, iimveliso zedatha yenkonzo yangaphandle, kunye neengxelo ezisekelwe kuhlalutyo lwedatha, ezifana neengxelo zoshishino kunye nokuhlolwa kweprojekthi.
3. Isisombululo sokuGcina idatha
Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokufihla idatha ziquka: ukungasebenzi, ixabiso elingacwangciswanga, ukutshintshwa kwedatha, ukubethela okulinganayo, ixabiso eliphakathi, i-offset kunye ne-rounding, njl.
Ukungavumeleki: Ukungasebenzi kubhekisa ekubethelweni, ukunqunyulwa, okanye ukufihla idatha eyimfihlo. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha indawo yedatha yokwenyani ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo (ezifana ne-*). Umsebenzi ulula, kodwa abasebenzisi abanakuyazi ifomathi yedatha yokuqala, nto leyo enokuchaphazela usetyenziso lwedatha olulandelayo.
Ixabiso Elingacwangciswanga: Ixabiso elingacwangciswanga libhekisa ekutshintsheni okungacwangciswanga kwedatha eyimfihlo (amanani athatha indawo yeedijithi, oonobumba bathatha indawo yoonobumba, kwaye oonobumba bathatha indawo yoonobumba). Le ndlela yokufihla iya kuqinisekisa ifomathi yedatha eyimfihlo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye iququzelele ukusetyenziswa kwedatha okulandelayo. Izichazi-magama zokufihla zinokufuneka kumagama athile anentsingiselo, njengamagama abantu neendawo.
Ukutshintshwa kwedatha: Ukutshintshwa kwedatha kufana nokufihla amaxabiso angenanto kunye namaxabiso angacwangciswanga, ngaphandle kokuba endaweni yokusebenzisa oonobumba abakhethekileyo okanye amaxabiso angacwangciswanga, idatha yokufihla ithathelwa indawo ngexabiso elithile.
Ukubethela okulinganayo: Ukubethela okulinganayo yindlela ekhethekileyo yokufihla eguqukayo. Ibethela idatha eyimfihlo ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha okubethela kunye nee-algorithms. Ifomathi ye-ciphertext ihambelana nedatha yokuqala kwimithetho enengqondo.
Umndilili: Iskimu esiqhelekileyo sidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko zezibalo. Kwidatha yamanani, siqala ngokubala i-mean yabo, size emva koko sisasaze ngokungacwangciswanga amaxabiso angenaluvelwano ajikeleze i-mean, ngaloo ndlela sigcina isixa sedatha singaguquki.
I-Offset kunye ne-Rounding: Le ndlela itshintsha idatha yedijithali ngokutshintsha okungacwangciswanga. I-offset rounding iqinisekisa ubunyani obuqikelelweyo boluhlu ngelixa igcina ukhuseleko lwedatha, esondele kakhulu kwidatha yokwenyani kunezicwangciso zangaphambili, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwimeko yohlalutyo lwedatha enkulu.
Imodeli Ecetyiswayo "I-ML-NPB-5660"kwi-Data Masking
4. Iindlela zokufihla idatha ezisetyenziswa rhoqo
(1). Iindlela zoBuchule bezibalo
Ukuqokelela idatha kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha
- Ukuthatha isampuli yedatha: Uhlalutyo kunye novavanyo lweseti yedatha yokuqala ngokukhetha icandelo elimeleyo leseti yedatha yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweendlela zokuchonga.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha: Njengengqokelela yeendlela zezibalo (ezifana nokuhlanganisa, ukubala, umyinge, ubuninzi kunye nobuncinci) ezisetyenziswa kwiimpawu kwi-microdata, isiphumo simele zonke iirekhodi kwiseti yedatha yokuqala.
(2). I-Cryptography
I-Cryptography yindlela eqhelekileyo yokunciphisa okanye ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-desensitization. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-encryption algorithms zinokufezekisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo ze-desensitization.
- Ukubethela okuQinisekisiweyo: Ukubethela okungaqhelekanga okungacwangciswanga. Ngokwesiqhelo kucubungula idatha ye-ID kwaye kunokuguqulela i-ciphertext kwi-ID yokuqala xa kuyimfuneko, kodwa isitshixo kufuneka sikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ubhalo olungenakuguqulwa: Umsebenzi we-hash usetyenziselwa ukucubungula idatha, edla ngokusetyenziselwa idatha ye-ID. Ayinakuguqulelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ubudlelwane bemephu kufuneka bugcinwe. Ukongeza, ngenxa yesici somsebenzi we-hash, ukungqubana kwedatha kunokwenzeka.
- Ukubethela i-Homomorphic: Kusetyenziswa i-algorithm ye-ciphertext homomorphic. Uphawu lwayo kukuba isiphumo sokusebenza kwe-ciphertext sifana nesokusebenza kwe-plaintext emva kokuyisusa. Ke ngoko, isetyenziswa kakhulu ukucubungula amasimi eenombolo, kodwa ayisetyenziswa kakhulu ngezizathu zokusebenza.
(3). Iteknoloji yeNkqubo
Itekhnoloji yokucinezela isusa okanye ikhusele izinto zedatha ezingahlangabezani nokhuseleko lwabucala, kodwa ayizipapashi.
- Ukufihla: kubhekisa kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokususa uvakalelo lolwazi ukufihla ixabiso leempawu, njengenombolo yomchasi, ikhadi lesazisi liphawulwe nge-asterisk, okanye idilesi inqunyulwe.
- Ukususwa kwendawo: kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokususa amaxabiso athile eempawu (iikholamu), ukususa amasimi edatha angengomsebenzi;
- Ukucinywa kwerekhodi: kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokucima iirekhodi ezithile (imigca), ukucima iirekhodi zedatha ezingezizo ezibalulekileyo.
(4). Iteknoloji ye-Pseudonym
I-pseudomanning yindlela yokususa isazisi esebenzisa igama elingelolakho ukuthatha indawo yesazisi esithe ngqo (okanye esinye isichazi esinobukrelekrele). Iindlela ze-pseudonym zenza izichazi ezizodwa zomntu ngamnye onolwazi, endaweni yezichazi ezithe ngqo okanye ezinobukrelekrele.
- Ingavelisa amaxabiso angacwangciswanga ngokuzimeleyo ukuze ihambelane ne-ID yokuqala, igcine itafile yemephu, kwaye ilawule ngokungqongqo ukufikelela kwitafile yemephu.
- Ungasebenzisa ukubethela ukuvelisa amagama angengowakho, kodwa kufuneka ugcine isitshixo sokuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo;
Le teknoloji isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimeko yabasebenzisi abaninzi bedatha abazimeleyo, njenge-OpenID kwimeko yeqonga elivulekileyo, apho abaphuhlisi abahlukeneyo bafumana ii-Openids ezahlukeneyo kumsebenzisi omnye.
(5). Iindlela zokuGqithisela
Indlela yokwenza izinto ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwindlela yokwenza izinto ngokungazichazi enciphisa ubungqindilili beempawu ezikhethiweyo kwiseti yedatha kwaye inika inkcazo ebanzi nengacacanga yedatha. Itekhnoloji yokwenza izinto ngokubanzi kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inokukhusela ubunyani bedatha yenqanaba lerekhodi. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimveliso zedatha okanye kwiingxelo zedatha.
- Ukujikelezisa: kubandakanya ukukhetha isiseko sokujikelezisa uphawu olukhethiweyo, njengophando oluphezulu okanye olusezantsi, oluvelisa iziphumo eziyi-100, 500, 1K, kunye ne-10K
- Iindlela zokubhala ikhowudi eziphezulu nezisezantsi: Faka umda endaweni yamaxabiso angaphezulu (okanye angaphantsi) komda ngomda omele inqanaba eliphezulu (okanye elisezantsi), nto leyo evelisa iziphumo "ezingaphezulu kuka-X" okanye "ezingaphantsi kuka-X" endaweni yamaxabiso angaphezulu (okanye angaphantsi) komda.
(6). Iindlela zokutshintsha ngokungacwangciswanga
Njengohlobo lwendlela yokususa isazisi, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ngokungacwangciswanga ibhekisa ekuguquleni ixabiso le-attribute ngokusebenzisa ukungacwangciswanga, ukuze ixabiso emva kokungacwangciswanga lahluke kwixabiso lokwenyani lokuqala. Le nkqubo inciphisa amandla omhlaseli okufumana ixabiso le-attribute kwamanye amaxabiso e-attribute kwirekhodi efanayo yedatha, kodwa ichaphazela ubunyani bedatha ephumayo, into eqhelekileyo kwidatha yovavanyo lwemveliso.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-27-2022
