Wonke umntu ebomini ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi uqhagamshelwano kunye IT kunye OT isimelabizo, kufuneka siqhelane ngakumbi IT, kodwa OT isenokuba engaqhelekanga, ngoko namhlanje ukwabelana nawe ezinye iingqiqo ezisisiseko IT kunye OT.
Yintoni iTekhnoloji yokuSebenza (OT)?
Itekhnoloji yokusebenza (OT) kukusetyenziswa kwehardware kunye nesoftware ukujonga nokulawula iinkqubo zomzimba, izixhobo kunye neziseko. Iinkqubo zobuchwepheshe bokusebenza zifunyanwa kuluhlu olukhulu lwamacandelo anamandla e-asethi. Benza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ebanzi ukusuka ekubekeni iliso kwiziseko ezingundoqo (CI) ukulawula iirobhothi kumgangatho wokuvelisa.
I-OT isetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo aquka ukuvelisa, i-oyile kunye negesi, ukuveliswa kombane kunye nokuhanjiswa, ukuhamba ngeenqwelomoya, ulwandle, umzila kaloliwe, kunye nezinto eziluncedo.
I-IT (iTekhnoloji yoLwazi) kunye ne-OT (iTekhnoloji yokuSebenza) ngamagama amabini asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo yoshishino, emele iteknoloji yolwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenza ngokulandelanayo, kwaye kukho ukungafani okuthile kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwabo.
I-IT (iTekhnoloji yoLwazi) ibhekisa kubuchwepheshe obubandakanya ihardware yekhompyutha, isoftware, inethiwekhi kunye nolawulo lwedatha, esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukucubungula nokulawula ulwazi lwenqanaba loshishino kunye neenkqubo zoshishino. I-IT igxile kakhulu ekusetyenzweni kwedatha, unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, uphuhliso lwesoftware kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwamashishini, njengeenkqubo zangaphakathi ze-automation ye-ofisi, iinkqubo zolawulo lwedathabheyisi, izixhobo zenethiwekhi, njl.
Itekhnoloji yokuSebenza (OT) ibhekisa kwitekhnoloji enxulumene nokusebenza ngokomzimba, esetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha nokulawula izixhobo zasendle, iinkqubo zemveliso yemizi-mveliso, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko. I-OT igxininise kwiinkalo zolawulo oluzenzekelayo, ukujonga ukujonga, ukufumana idatha yexesha langempela kunye nokucubungula kwimizila yokuvelisa imveliso, njengeenkqubo zokulawula imveliso (i-SCADA), i-sensor kunye ne-actuator, kunye neeprothokholi zonxibelelwano lwezoshishino.
Uxhulumaniso phakathi kwe-IT kunye ne-OT kukuba iteknoloji kunye neenkonzo ze-IT zinokubonelela ngenkxaso kunye nokulungiswa kwe-OT, njengokusetyenziswa kothungelwano lwekhompyutha kunye neenkqubo zesoftware ukuphumeza ukubeka iliso okude kunye nokulawulwa kwezixhobo zoshishino; Ngelo xesha, idatha yexesha langempela kunye nesimo semveliso ye-OT inokubonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo kwizigqibo zoshishino ze-IT kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha.
Ukudityaniswa kwe-IT kunye ne-OT nayo iyindlela ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yangoku yoshishino. Ngokudibanisa itekhnoloji kunye neenkcukacha ze-IT kunye ne-OT, ukuveliswa kwemveliso yefektri esebenzayo kunye nengqiqo kunye nokulawulwa kokusebenza kunokufezekiswa. Oku kwenza ukuba iifektri kunye namashishini aphendule ngcono kwiinguqu zemfuno yeemarike, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kunye nemingcipheko.
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Yintoni uKhuseleko lwe-OT?
Ukhuseleko lwe-OT luchazwa njengezenzo kunye nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziselwa:
(a) Khusela abantu, impahla kunye nolwazi,
(b) Beka iliso kunye/okanye ulawule izixhobo eziphathekayo, iinkqubo neziganeko, kunye
(c) Qalisa utshintsho lwelizwe kwiinkqubo ze-OT yeshishini.
Izisombululo zokhuseleko lwe-OT zibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lweetekhnoloji zokhuseleko ukusuka kwisizukulwana esilandelayo somlilo (NGFWs) ukuya kulwazi lokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lweziganeko (SIEM) kwiinkqubo zokufikelela kwisazisi kunye nolawulo, kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Ngokwesiko, ukhuseleko lwe-cyber lwe-OT lwalungeyomfuneko kuba iinkqubo ze-OT zazingaqhagamshelwanga kwi-intanethi. Ngaloo ndlela, abazange bavezwe kwizoyikiso zangaphandle. Njengoko amalinge e-digital innovation (DI) esanda kwaye uthungelwano lwe-IT OT luguqukile, imibutho ithande ukuvala izisombululo zamanqaku athile ukujongana nemiba ethile.
Ezi ndlela zokhuseleko lwe-OT zibangele inethiwekhi enzima apho izisombululo zingenako ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nokubonelela ngokubonakala okupheleleyo.
Rhoqo, uthungelwano lwe-IT kunye ne-OT zigcinwa zahlukeneyo nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphindaphindeni iinzame zokhuseleko kunye nokuphuma elubala. Ezi intanethi ze-IT OT azikwazi ukulandelela okwenzekayo kwindawo yonke yokuhlaselwa.
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Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinethiwekhi ze-OT zibika kwi-COO kunye neenethiwekhi ze-IT zibika kwi-CIO, okubangelwa kumaqela amabini okhuseleko lwenethiwekhi nganye ekhusela isiqingatha senethiwekhi iyonke. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuchonga imida yendawo yokuhlaselwa kuba la maqela ahlukeneyo ayazi into eqhotyoshelweyo kwinethiwekhi yabo. Ukongeza ekubeni kunzima ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo, iinethiwekhi ze-OT IT zishiya izikhewu ezinkulu kukhuseleko.
Njengoko ichaza indlela yayo yokhuseleko lwe-OT, kukufumanisa izoyikiso kwangoko usebenzisa ulwazi olupheleleyo lwe-IT kunye neenethiwekhi ze-OT.
I-IT (iTekhnoloji yoLwazi) vs. OT (iTekhnoloji yokuSebenza)
Ingcaciso
IT (iTekhnoloji yoLwazi): Ibhekisa kusetyenziso lweekhompyuter, uthungelwano, kunye nesoftware ukulawula idatha kunye neenkcukacha kushishino kunye neemeko zombutho. Iquka yonke into esuka kwi-hardware (iiseva, ii-routers) kwi-software (izicelo, i-database) exhasa imisebenzi yezoshishino, unxibelelwano kunye nolawulo lwedatha.
I-OT (iTekhnoloji yokuSebenza): Ibandakanya ihardware kunye nesoftware ebhaqa okanye ebangela utshintsho ngokubeka iliso ngokuthe ngqo kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo ezibonakalayo, iinkqubo, kunye neziganeko kumbutho. I-OT ifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kumacandelo amashishini, afana nokuvelisa, amandla, kunye nokuthutha, kwaye iquka iinkqubo ezifana ne-SCADA (uLawulo loLawulo kunye nokuFumana iDatha) kunye ne-PLCs (Abalawuli beeProgrammable Logic).
Iiyantlukwano eziphambili
| Umba | IT | OT |
| Injongo | Ulawulo lwedatha kunye nokucubungula | Ukulawulwa kweenkqubo zomzimba |
| Gxininisa | Iinkqubo zolwazi kunye nokhuseleko lwedatha | Ukuzenzekela kunye nokubeka iliso kwezixhobo |
| Okusingqongileyo | Iiofisi, amaziko edatha | Iifektri, iisetingi zemizi-mveliso |
| Iintlobo zeDatha | Idatha yedijithali, amaxwebhu | Idatha yexesha langempela evela kuluvo kunye noomatshini |
| Ukhuseleko | I-Cybersecurity kunye nokukhuselwa kwedatha | Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zomzimba |
| Imigaqo-nkqubo | HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP | Modbus, OPC, DNP3 |
Ukudityaniswa
Ngokunyuka kwe-Industry 4.0 kunye ne-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT), ukudityaniswa kwe-IT kunye ne-OT kuya kuba yimfuneko. Oku kudityaniswa kujolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuphucula uhlalutyo lwedatha, kunye nokwenza ngcono ukwenziwa kwezigqibo. Nangona kunjalo, yazisa imingeni enxulumene nokhuseleko lwe-cyber, njengoko iinkqubo ze-OT zazibekwe zodwa kuthungelwano lwe-IT.
Inqaku eliyeleleneyo:I-Intanethi yakho yezinto ifuna iBroker yePakethe yeNethiwekhi yoKhuseleko lweNethiwekhi
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-05-2024
