Yintoni i-Network TAP, kwaye kutheni uyidinga ukuze ujonge iNethiwekhi yakho?

Ngaba wakha weva nge-network tap? Ukuba usebenza kwicandelo le-networking okanye i-cybersecurity, usenokuba uqhelene nesi sixhobo. Kodwa kwabo bangengabo, inokuba yimfihlakalo.

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi lubaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Iinkampani kunye nemibutho zixhomekeke kwiinethiwekhi zazo ukugcina idatha eyimfihlo kunye nokunxibelelana nabathengi kunye namaqabane. Bangaqinisekisa njani ukuba inethiwekhi yabo ikhuselekile kwaye ayinakufikelela okungagunyaziswanga?

Eli nqaku liza kuhlola ukuba yintoni i-network tap, indlela esebenza ngayo, kunye nesizathu sokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi. Ngoko masingene ngaphakathi size sifunde ngakumbi ngesi sixhobo sinamandla.

 

Yintoni iNetwork TAP (iTerminal Access Point)?

Ii-TAP zenethiwekhi zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi okuphumelelayo nokukhuselekileyo. Zibonelela ngeendlela zokubeka esweni, ukuhlalutya, ukulandelela, kunye nokukhusela iziseko zenethiwekhi. Ii-TAP zenethiwekhi zenza "ikopi" yethrafikhi, zivumela izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokubeka esweni ukufikelela kolo lwazi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuhamba kokuqala kweepakethi zedatha.

Ezi zixhobo zibekwe ngendlela efanelekileyo kuzo zonke iziseko zenethiwekhi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubekwa esweni okusebenzayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Imibutho inokufaka ii-TAP zenethiwekhi kwiindawo evakalelwa kukuba kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kuquka kodwa kungaphelelanga apho kuqokelelwa khona idatha, uhlalutyo, ukubeka iliso ngokubanzi, okanye okubaluleke ngakumbi njengokufunyanwa kokungena.

Isixhobo se-TAP senethiwekhi asitshintshi imeko ekhoyo yayo nayiphi na ipakethi kwinethiwekhi esebenzayo; senza nje ikopi yepakethi nganye ethunyelweyo ukuze idluliselwe nge-interface yayo eqhagamshelwe kwizixhobo okanye iinkqubo zokubeka esweni.

Inkqubo yokukopa yenziwa ngaphandle kokubeka uxinzelelo kumandla okusebenza kuba ayiphazamisi imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kwintambo emva kokuba ukucofa kugqityiwe. Ke ngoko, kuvumela imibutho ukuba ibe nongqimba olongezelelweyo lokhuseleko ngelixa ibona kwaye ilumkisa imisebenzi erhanelekayo kwinethiwekhi yayo kwaye ijonge iingxaki zokungakhawulezi ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kakhulu.

 

Isebenza njani i-Network TAP?

Ii-Network TAPs zizixhobo eziphucukileyo ezivumela abalawuli ukuba bahlole ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yabo yonke ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo. Zizixhobo zangaphandle ezisetyenziselwa ukujonga umsebenzi wabasebenzisi, ukubona ithrafikhi enobungozi kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi ngokuvumela uhlalutyo olunzulu lwedatha engena nephuma kuyo. Ii-Network TAPs zidibanisa umaleko obonakalayo apho iipakethi zihamba khona kwiintambo kunye neeswitshi kunye namaleko aphezulu apho usetyenziso luhlala khona.

I-Network TAP isebenza njengeswitshi yezibuko engasebenziyo evula ii-ports ezimbini ezibonakalayo ukuze zibambe zonke iitrafikhi ezingenayo neziphumayo kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi edlula kuyo. Esi sixhobo senzelwe ukuba singaphazamisi ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke nangona sivumela ukujonga, ukufunxa, kunye nokuhluza iipakethe zedatha ngokupheleleyo, ii-Network TAP aziphazamisi okanye ziphazamise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yakho nangayiphi na indlela.

Ngaphezu koko, basebenza kuphela njengeendlela zokuhambisa idatha efanelekileyo kwiindawo ezimiselweyo zokubeka esweni; oku kuthetha ukuba abanakuhlalutya okanye bavavanye ulwazi abaluqokelelayo - befuna esinye isixhobo somntu wesithathu ukuze bakwazi ukwenza njalo. Oku kuvumela abalawuli ukuba balawule ngokuchanekileyo kwaye baguquguquke xa kufikwa ekulungiseleleni indlela abanokuzisebenzisa ngayo ngcono ii-TAP zabo zeNethiwekhi ngelixa beqhubeka nemisebenzi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwinethiwekhi yabo yonke.

 

Kutheni Sidinga i-Network TAP?

Ii-TAP zeNethiwekhi zibonelela ngesiseko sokuba nenkqubo ebanzi neyomeleleyo yokubona nokubeka iliso kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi. Ngokusebenzisa isixhobo sonxibelelwano, banokuchonga idatha ekwintambo ukuze isasazwe kwezinye iinkqubo zokhuseleko okanye zokubeka iliso. Eli candelo libalulekileyo lokubonakala kwenethiwekhi liqinisekisa ukuba yonke idatha ekhoyo kumgca ayiphoswa njengoko ithrafikhi idlula, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho zipakethi zikhutshwayo.

Ngaphandle kwe-TAPs, inethiwekhi ayinakubekwa esweni kwaye ilawulwe ngokupheleleyo. Abalawuli be-IT banokubeka esweni ngokuthembekileyo ukuze babone izisongelo okanye bafumane ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga neenethiwekhi zabo ezinokuthi zifihlwe ziinkqubo ezingaphandle kwebhendi ngokubonelela ngokufikelela kulo lonke ulwazi lwethrafikhi.

Ngenxa yoko, ikopi echanekileyo yonxibelelwano olungenayo noluphumayo iyabonelelwa, okuvumela imibutho ukuba iphande kwaye yenze ngokukhawuleza kuyo nayiphi na into ekrokrisayo enokudibana nayo. Ukuze iinethiwekhi zemibutho zikhuseleke kwaye zithembeke kweli xesha lanamhlanje lolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi, ukusebenzisa i-TAP yenethiwekhi kufuneka kuthathwe njengokuyimfuneko.

 

Iintlobo zee-TAP zeNethiwekhi kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo?

Xa kufikwa ekufikeleleni nasekujongeni ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-TAPs - i-Passive TAPs kunye ne-Active TAPs. Zombini zibonelela ngendlela elula nekhuselekileyo yokufikelela kumjelo wedatha kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza okanye ukongeza ixesha elongezelelweyo kwinkqubo.

 

<IiTAP zeNethiwekhi ezingasebenziyo>

I-TAP engasebenziyo isebenza ngokuhlola imiqondiso yombane edlula kwikhonkco eliqhelekileyo lentambo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo phakathi kwezixhobo ezibini, njengaphakathi kweekhompyutha kunye neeseva. Ibonelela ngendawo yokunxibelelana evumela umthombo wangaphandle, njenge-router okanye i-sniffer, ukuba ifikelele ekuhambeni kwesignali ngelixa isadlula kwindawo yayo yokuqala ingatshintshwanga. Olu hlobo lwe-TAP lusetyenziswa xa kubekwa esweni iintengiselwano okanye ulwazi oluchaphazela ixesha phakathi kwamanqaku amabini.

  

<IiTAP zeNethiwekhi ezisebenzayo>

I-TAP esebenzayo isebenza njenge-passive counterpart yayo kodwa inenyathelo elongezelelweyo kwinkqubo - ukwazisa uphawu lokuvuselela isignali. Ngokusebenzisa ukuvuselelwa kwesignali, i-TAP esebenzayo iqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lunokubekwa esweni ngokuchanekileyo ngaphambi kokuba luqhubekele phambili.

Oku kubonelela ngeziphumo ezihambelanayo nangona kukho amanqanaba e-voltage ahlukeneyo avela kwezinye iindawo ezidityaniswe kwi-chain. Ukongeza, olu hlobo lwe-TAP lukhawulezisa uthumelo kuyo nayiphi na indawo efunekayo ukuze kuphuculwe amaxesha okusebenza.

 

Zithini iingenelo ze-Network TAP?

Ii-Network TAPs ziye zathandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko imibutho izama ukwandisa amanyathelo ayo okhuseleko nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinethiwekhi zayo zihlala zisebenza kakuhle. Ngenxa yokukwazi ukujonga ii-ports ezininzi ngaxeshanye, ii-Network TAPs zibonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesingabizi kakhulu kwimibutho efuna ukubona ngcono okwenzekayo kwiinethiwekhi zayo.

Ukongeza, ngeempawu ezinje ngokukhusela i-bypass, ukuhlanganiswa kweepakethi, kunye nokukwazi ukucoca, ii-Network TAPs zinokubonelela imibutho ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yokugcina iinethiwekhi zayo kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiingozi ezinokubakho.

I-Network TAPs inika imibutho iingenelo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngezi:

 

- Ukubonakala okwandisiweyo kwimijelo yethrafikhi yenethiwekhi.

- Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nokuthobela imithetho.

- Ukunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi ngokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya ngesizathu sazo naziphi na iingxaki.

- Ukwanda kokufumaneka kwenethiwekhi ngokuvumela amandla okujonga apheleleyo e-duplex.

- Ixabiso eliphantsi lobunini kuba zihlala zingabizi kakhulu kunezinye izisombululo.

 

 

I-Network TAP vs. I-SPAN Port Mirror (Ungayibamba njani iTrafikhi yeNethiwekhi? I-Network Tap vs i-Port Mirror?):

Iiports zeNetwork TAPs (Traffic Access Points) kunye neSPAN (Switched Port Analyzer) zizixhobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokujonga ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi. Nangona zombini zibonelela ngokubonakala kwiinethiwekhi, umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini kufuneka uqondwe ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kwimeko ethile.

I-Network TAP sisixhobo sangaphandle esiqhagamshela kwindawo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwezixhobo ezibini esivumela ukujongwa konxibelelwano oludlula kuyo. Ayitshintshi okanye iphazamise idatha edluliselwayo kwaye ayixhomekekanga kwiswitshi esenzelwe ukuyisebenzisa.

Kwelinye icala, i-SPAN port luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-switch port apho i-traffic engenayo nephumayo iboniswa kwenye i-port ngeenjongo zokubeka esweni. Ii-SPAN ports zinokuba nzima ukuzicwangcisa kune-Network TAPs, kwaye zikwafuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-switch.

Ke ngoko, ii-Network TAP zilungele ngakumbi kwiimeko ezifuna ukubonakala okuphezulu, ngelixa ii-SPAN ports zilungele imisebenzi elula yokubeka esweni.