Kwiindawo zanamhlanje zenethiwekhi ezintsonkothileyo, ezinesantya esiphezulu, nezihlala zifihliwe, ukufikelela ekubonakaleni okubanzi kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko, ukujonga ukusebenza, kunye nokuthobela imithetho.IiPakethi zeNethiwekhi (ii-NPB)ziye zavela kwii-TAP aggregators ezilula zaya kumaqonga anobuchule, akrelekrele abalulekileyo ekulawuleni idatha yethrafikhi ebanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokubeka esweni nezokhuseleko zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Nantsi inkcazo eneenkcukacha zeemeko zabo eziphambili zesicelo kunye nezisombululo:
Ingxaki Engundoqo IiNPB Zisombulula:
Iinethiwekhi zanamhlanje zivelisa imithamo emikhulu yetrafikhi. Ukuqhagamshela izixhobo zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo kunye nokubeka esweni (i-IDS/IPS, i-NPM/APM, i-DLP, i-forensics) ngqo kwiikhonkco zenethiwekhi (ngee-SPAN ports okanye ii-TAPs) akusebenzanga kakuhle kwaye kuhlala kungenzeki ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
1. Ukulayisha kakhulu izixhobo: Izixhobo zigcwele ziindlela ezingabalulekanga, zilahle iipakethi kwaye zingabikho zisongelo.
2. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo: Izixhobo zichitha izixhobo zicubungula idatha ephindaphindwayo okanye engafunekiyo.
3. I-Complex Topology: Iinethiwekhi ezisasazekileyo (Amaziko eDatha, amafu, iiOfisi zamaSebe) zenza ukuba kube nzima ukubeka esweni kwindawo enye.
4. Iindawo Ezingaboniyo Zokubethela: Izixhobo azikwazi ukuhlola ithrafikhi efihliweyo (SSL/TLS) ngaphandle kokuyisusa.
5. Izixhobo ze-SPAN eziNcinci: Iiports ze-SPAN zisebenzisa izixhobo zokutshintsha kwaye azikwazi ukuphatha ithrafikhi epheleleyo yesantya somgca.
Isisombululo se-NPB: Ulamlo oluBukrelekrele lweTrafikhi
Ii-NPB zihlala phakathi kwee-network TAPs/SPAN ports kunye nezixhobo zokubeka esweni/zokhuseleko. Zisebenza "njengamapolisa etrafikhi" akrelekrele, enza oku kulandelayo:
1. Ukudibanisa: Hlanganisa ithrafikhi evela kwiikhonkco ezininzi (eziphathekayo, ezingabonakaliyo) kwiifeed ezidityanisiweyo.
2. Ukucoca: Ukuthumela ithrafikhi efanelekileyo kuphela kwizixhobo ezithile ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya (i-IP/MAC, i-VLAN, iprotocol, i-port, i-application).
3. Ukulinganisela Umthwalo: Sabalalisa ukuhamba kwetrafikhi ngokulinganayo kwiimeko ezininzi zesixhobo esinye (umz., ii-sensors ze-IDS ezidibeneyo) ukuze zikwazi ukukhulisa nokumelana nobunzima.
4. Ukukhupha: Susa iikopi ezifanayo zeepakethi ezithathwe kwiikhonkco ezingafunekiyo.
5. Ukusikwa kwePakethi: Nciphisa iipakethi (ukususa umthwalo) ngelixa ugcina ii-headers, unciphisa i-bandwidth ukuya kwizixhobo ezifuna i-metadata kuphela.
6. Ukususwa kwe-SSL/TLS: Ukuphelisa iiseshoni ezifihliweyo (usebenzisa amaqhosha), ukubonisa ithrafikhi ecacileyo kwizixhobo zokuhlola, uze uphinde ubhale nge-encryption.
7. Ukuphindaphinda/Ukusasaza okuninzi: Thumela umsinga ofanayo wethrafikhi kwizixhobo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
8. Ukucubungula Okuphambili: Ukukhupha i-metadata, ukuvelisa ukuhamba, ukulinganisa ixesha, ukufihla idatha eyimfihlo (umz., i-PII).
Fumana apha ukuze wazi ngakumbi ngale modeli:
Umthengisi wePakethi yeNethiwekhi yeMylinking™ (NPB) ML-NPB-3440L
16*10/100/1000M RJ45, 16*1/10GE SFP+, 1*40G QSFP kunye ne1*40G/100G QSFP28, Ubuninzi be-320Gbps
Iimeko ezineenkcukacha zesicelo kunye nezisombululo:
1. Ukuphucula ukuBeka esweni uKhuseleko (IDS/IPS, NGFW, Threat Intel):
○ Imeko: Izixhobo zokhuseleko zigcwele ziindlela ezininzi ze-East-West kwiziko ledatha, zilahla iipakethi kunye nezoyikiso zokuhamba ecaleni. I-traffic efihliweyo ifihla imithwalo enobungozi.
○ Isisombululo se-NPB:Hlanganisa ithrafikhi evela kwiikhonkco ezibalulekileyo ze-intra-DC.
* Faka izihluzi ze-granular ukuthumela kuphela iindawo zethrafikhi ezikrokrelekayo (umz., iiports ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni, ii-subnet ezithile) kwi-IDS.
* Layisha ibhalansi kwiqela leenzwa ze-IDS.
* Yenza i-SSL/TLS decryption kwaye uthumele i-traffic ecacileyo kwi-IDS/Threat Intel platform ukuze ihlolwe nzulu.
* Susa ithrafikhi kwiindlela ezingafunekiyo.Isiphumo:Izinga eliphezulu lokubhaqwa kosongelo, ukuncipha kweziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo, ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezixhobo ze-IDS.
2. Ukuphucula ukuBekwa kweliso koMsebenzi (i-NPM/i-APM):
○ Imeko: Izixhobo zokubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi ziyasokola ukudibanisa idatha evela kumakhulu eekhonkco ezisasazekileyo (i-WAN, iiofisi zamasebe, ilifu). Ukubanjwa kwepakethi epheleleyo ye-APM kubiza kakhulu kwaye kusebenzisa i-bandwidth eninzi.
○ Isisombululo se-NPB:
* Hlanganisa izithuthi ezivela kwi-TAPs/SPANs ezisasazeke ngokwendawo ukuya kwilaphu le-NPB eliphakathi.
* Hlunga itrafikhi ukuze uthumele kuphela ukuhamba kwezicelo ezithile (umz., iVoIP, i-SaaS ebalulekileyo) kwizixhobo ze-APM.
* Sebenzisa ukunqumla iipakethi kwizixhobo ze-NPM ezifuna kakhulu idatha yexesha lokuhamba/intengiselwano (ii-headers), nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-bandwidth.
* Phinda imijelo yemilinganiselo yokusebenza ephambili kwizixhobo ze-NPM kunye ne-APM.Isiphumo:Umbono opheleleyo, ohambelanayo wokusebenza, iindleko zezixhobo ezincitshisiweyo, iindleko ze-bandwidth eziphantsi.
3. Ukubonakala Kwamafu (Ekawonke-wonke/Eyabucala/EyiHybrid):
○ Imeko: Ukunqongophala kokufikelela kwi-TAP kwi-cloud kawonke-wonke (AWS, Azure, GCP). Ubunzima bokubamba nokuqondisa ithrafikhi yomatshini/isikhongozeli ebonakalayo kwizixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nokubeka esweni.
○ Isisombululo se-NPB:
* Sebenzisa ii-NPB ezibonakalayo (ii-vNPB) ngaphakathi kwendawo egciniweyo yelifu.
* ii-vNPB zicofa ithrafikhi yeswitshi ebonakalayo (umz., nge-ERSPAN, i-VPC Traffic Mirroring).
* Hlunga, uqokelele, kwaye ulayishe ibhalansi yetrafikhi yelifu eMpuma-Ntshona naseMantla-Mzantsi.
* Vala ithrafikhi efanelekileyo ngokukhuselekileyo ubuyele kwii-NPB ezibonakalayo okanye kwizixhobo zokubeka esweni ezisekelwe kwilifu.
* Nxibelelana neenkonzo zokubonakala ezifumaneka kwilifu.Isiphumo:Indlela ehlala ihleli yokhuseleko kunye nokubeka iliso kwindlela esebenza ngayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukoyisa imida yokubonakala kwelifu.
4. Ukuthintela Ukulahleka Kwedatha (i-DLP) kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho:
○ Imeko: Izixhobo ze-DLP kufuneka zihlole ithrafikhi ephumayo ukuze zifumane idatha eyimfihlo (PII, PCI) kodwa zigcwele ithrafikhi yangaphakathi engafanelekiyo. Ukuthobela imithetho kufuna ukujonga ukuhamba kwedatha ethile elawulwayo.
○ Isisombululo se-NPB:
* Hlunga itrafikhi ukuze uthumele kuphela ukuhamba okuphumayo (umz., okujoliswe kwi-intanethi okanye amaqabane athile) kwi-injini ye-DLP.
* Sebenzisa i-deep packet inspection (DPI) kwi-NPB ukuze uchonge ukuhamba okuqulethe iintlobo zedatha ezilawulwayo kwaye uzibeke phambili kwisixhobo se-DLP.
* Vimba idatha eyimfihlo (umz., iinombolo zekhadi letyala) ngaphakathi kwiipakethingaphambiukuthumela kwizixhobo zokubeka esweni ezingabalulekanga kangako ukuze kubhalwe phantsi ukuthobela imithetho.Isiphumo:Ukusebenza kwe-DLP okusebenzayo ngakumbi, ukunciphisa iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo, uphicotho-zincwadi oluhambelana nomthetho olucwangcisiweyo, ukuphuculwa kobumfihlo bedatha.
5. Uphando lwezeNtlalo kunye nokuSombulula iingxaki zeNethiwekhi:
○ Imeko: Ukuchonga ingxaki yokusebenza enzima okanye ukwaphulwa kwemigaqo kufuna ukubanjwa kwepakethi epheleleyo (i-PCAP) ukusuka kwiindawo ezininzi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuqalisa ukubanjwa ngesandla kucotha; ukugcina yonke into akunakwenzeka.
○ Isisombululo se-NPB:
* Ii-NPB zinokuthintela ithrafikhi ngokuqhubekayo (ngesantya somgca).
* Lungiselela izinto ezibangela iingxaki (umz., imeko ethile yempazamo, ukunyuka kwethrafikhi, isilumkiso sezoyikiso) kwi-NPB ukuze ibambe ngokuzenzekelayo ithrafikhi efanelekileyo kwisixhobo sokubamba iipakethi esiqhagamshelweyo.
* Hlunga kwangaphambili ithrafikhi ethunyelwe kwisixhobo sokubamba ukuze kugcinwe kuphela oko kuyimfuneko.
* Phinda umzila wendlela ebalulekileyo kwisixhobo sokubamba ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izixhobo zemveliso.Isiphumo:Isisombululo esikhawulezileyo sexesha eliphakathi (MTTR) sokungasebenzi/ukwaphulwa kwemithetho, ukubanjwa kwezixhobo ezijolisiweyo, kunye neendleko zokugcina ezincitshisiweyo.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye nezisombululo zokuphunyezwa:
○Ukwanda: Khetha ii-NPB ezinoxinano olwaneleyo lwezibuko kunye ne-throughput (1/10/25/40/100GbE+) ukuze ukwazi ukusingatha ithrafikhi yangoku neyexesha elizayo. I-chassis yemodyuli idla ngokubonelela ngokwanda okungcono. Ii-NPB ze-Virtual ziyakhula ngokuthambileyo efini.
○Ukuqina: Sebenzisa ii-NPB ezingafunekiyo (ii-HA pairs) kunye neendlela ezingafunekiyo eziya kwizixhobo. Qinisekisa ulungelelwaniso lwemeko kwiisetingi ze-HA. Sebenzisa ukulinganisela umthwalo we-NPB ukuze ukwazi ukumelana nezixhobo.
○Ulawulo kunye nokuZenzekelayo: Iikhonsoli zolawulo ezisetyenziswa kwindawo enye zibalulekile. Khangela ii-API (RESTful, NETCONF/YANG) ukuze zidityaniswe namaqonga omculo (Ansible, Puppet, Chef) kunye neenkqubo ze-SIEM/SOAR ukuze ufumane utshintsho olutshintshayo lwemigaqo-nkqubo olusekelwe kwizilumkiso.
○Ukhuseleko: Khusela ujongano lolawulo lwe-NPB. Lawula ukufikelela ngokungqongqo. Ukuba ususa ukubethela kwi-traffic, qinisekisa imigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yolawulo lwezitshixo kunye neendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokudlulisela izitshixo. Cinga ngokufihla idatha eyimfihlo.
○Ukuhlanganiswa kweZixhobo: Qinisekisa ukuba i-NPB iyayixhasa intsebenziswano yezixhobo ezifunekayo (ii-interfaces ezibonakalayo/ezibonakalayo, iiprotokholi). Qinisekisa ukuhambelana neemfuno zezixhobo ezithile.
Ngoko ke,Abathengisi beePakethi zeNethiwekhiAzisekho izinto zodidi oluphezulu; zizinto ezisisiseko zeziseko zophuhliso zokufezekisa ukubonakala kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo kweli xesha lanamhlanje. Ngokuhlanganisa ngobuchule, ukucoca, ukulinganisela umthwalo, kunye nokucubungula ithrafikhi, ii-NPB zinika amandla izixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nokubeka iliso ukuba zisebenze ngempumelelo ephezulu. Ziyawaphula ama-silos okubonakala, zoyise imingeni yobukhulu kunye nokubethela, kwaye ekugqibeleni zibonelele ngokucacileyo okufunekayo ukukhusela iinethiwekhi, ziqinisekise ukusebenza kakuhle, zihlangabezane nemiyalelo yokuthobela imithetho, kwaye zisombulule imiba ngokukhawuleza. Ukusebenzisa isicwangciso se-NPB esomeleleyo linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwakheni inethiwekhi eqaphelekayo, ekhuselekileyo, neyomeleleyo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-07-2025
